Isosorbide Dinitrate
Brand: Isordil (US/EU) / Sorbitrate (IN) / Isodinit (BD)
Antianginal
Organic nitrate vasodilator
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 1 hours |
| Tmax | 1 h |
| Bioavailability | 25 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 10 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 2 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | hepatic |
| Active Metabolites | yes |
| Notes | Undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism; converted to active mononitrate; sublingual, oral, and sustained-release forms; nitrate tolerance may occur—nitrate-free interval recommended. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Moderate
Adverse Effects:
Headache, hypotension, flushing, syncope, reflex tachycardia
Contraindications:
Concurrent use with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil), severe anemia, increased intracranial pressure
Precautions:
Provide nitrate-free intervals; monitor for postural hypotension; caution in volume depletion or elderly patients