Propranolol
Brand: Inderal (US/EU) / Ciplar (IN) / Propranolol (BD)
Antihypertensive
Non-selective beta blocker
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 4 hours |
| Tmax | 1 h |
| Bioavailability | 25 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 93 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 4 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | hepatic |
| Active Metabolites | yes |
| Notes | Undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism; variable oral bioavailability; lipophilic with CNS penetration. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Severe
Adverse Effects:
Fatigue, bradycardia, bronchospasm, sleep disturbance, vivid dreams
Contraindications:
Bronchial asthma, severe bradycardia, AV block, cardiogenic shock
Precautions:
Avoid in asthma and diabetes; taper gradually before discontinuation; monitor in hepatic impairment