Lisinopril
Brand: Zestril (US/EU) / Lisoril (IN) / Lisonorm (BD)
Antihypertensive
ACE inhibitor (not a prodrug)
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 12 hours |
| Tmax | 7 h |
| Bioavailability | 25 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 25 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.5 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | renal |
| Active Metabolites | no |
| Notes | Does not require hepatic activation; minimal interactions; preferred in CKD and diabetic nephropathy. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Moderate
Adverse Effects:
Dry cough, hyperkalemia, dizziness, hypotension, rare angioedema
Contraindications:
Pregnancy, bilateral renal artery stenosis, prior ACE-inhibitor–induced angioedema
Precautions:
Monitor creatinine and potassium; start at low dose in CKD; avoid potassium-sparing diuretics unless supervised